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| BATTLES AND WARS |
| GENERAL RESOURCES |
| HISTORICAL FIGURES |
| NATIONS |
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| BATTLES AND WARS |
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 The Battle Of The Little Bighorn--Here
you can read an account of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Nice
photographs accompany text and addition information links are provided at
the end of the article.
Battle Of
Little Bighorn
The Story Of Custer's Last
Stand--Contains historical documents and stories, photo
galleries, and links to other Custer, Little Bighorn, and Native American
sites.
Little Bighorn
Battle Field--From the National Parks Service this site gives a good
general summary of the battle. |
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Black Hawk War Of 1832--Beginning
with a general overview of the Black Hawk War, this site includes a
biography of Black Hawk, a chief of the Sauk and Fox tribes. Also featured
are American soldiers' accounts of the war, articles, portraits, maps,
texts of treaties, and other related documents. |
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Creek War--
Contains a number of articles, documents, and
illustrations relating to the Creek War. Here you will find a Creek
warrior's deposition discussing the start of the war, an 1895 history of
the war, and descriptions of battles. |
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Sand Creek Massacre--This
is a history of the 1864 massacre of Cheyenne Indians led by Colonel John
M. Chivington. Find some great links to other native American sites
at the bottom of this page--recipes, biographies of several Native
American leaders, other massacres, and more.
The Sand Creek Massacre
Sand
Creek Massacre |
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Massacre At Wounded
Knee--An
overview of the events that led up to what is generally considered the
last battle of the Indian Wars--the Battle, or Massacre, at Wounded Knee.
It also features a map of the battle site and an eyewitness account of the
events that took place. |
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The Seminole
Wars--The Seminole Wars were the fiercest wars the US government ever
waged on Native Americans. Check out the links at the bottom of
page.
The Official Home Of The Florida
Seminole Tribe--This site is dedicated to the rich history and culture
of the Florida Seminole Indians.
Florida Of
The Seminoles--As well as
offering background into the Indian Wars in Florida, this site contains a
brief history of the Seminoles. It also includes descriptions of the
battles and treaties of the Seminole Wars, biographies of those involved,
and photographs. |
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The Battle Of Tippecanoe Creek--This
large site has lots of information on both the Shawnee leader, William
Harrison and the .battle it self. Be sure to view the "off site"
links at the bottom for more excellent information.
The Battle Of Tippecanoe
Tippecanoe |
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Top |
| GENERAL RESOURCES |
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American
Buffalo--Learn how the bison were almost extinguished in the 1800s.
Discover how bison are assuming an important role for many Native
Americans. Roam around the Web in search of buffalo.
Tracking
The Buffalo: Stories From a Buffalo Hide Painting--"You be
the historian and explore the life of the northern Plains Indians and
their relationship with the buffalo."
Buffalo -
And
Other Animals--Buffalo once roamed from Canada to Mexico and all over the American
plains in very large numbers. Buffalo were also the center of life for
the plains tribes of Native Americans, providing them with food, shelter,
clothing and spiritual inspiration.
see
also Lewis And Clark Bison |
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American Historical Images On File: The Native American Experience--Contains
a comprehensive database of images of American Indians from the days of
Spanish exploration through the 1990s. |
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American
Indian Resources--Links to information on Native American literature,
culture, history, languages, and nations. |
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American Indians--Index
of Native American resources on the internet. |
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American Indians And The Natural World--"This site from
the Carnegie Museum of Natural History illustrates how native people are
connected to the natural universe. The museum selects a few specific
tribes to illustrate this." |
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American West:
Native Americans--More than
merely a link site, the American West site offers biographies, articles,
history, and images of American Indian life and culture. This is an
excellent resource for finding Indian War-related sites. |
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Compact History: Geographic
Overview--History, location, names, language, sub-tribes, culture and
population and more on many tribes throughout the United States. More
Northeast tribes are covered at this site. "When complete these Histories
will encompass approximately 240 tribal histories (contact to 1900). They
will be limited to the lower 48 states of the U.S. but also include those
First Nations from Canada and Mexico that had important roles (Huron, Micmac, Assiniboine,
etc.)." |
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Destroying The Native American Culture--An excellent site for
information on the history of Native Americans and their treatment by the
"white man" through out time. |
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First Nations Histories--This
site includes basic information on the history, culture, language etc, of
48 Native American tribes. |
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Flags Of The
Native People--An extensive site which studies the flags, their
history and symbolism of the native people. May additional links are
given. |
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Imaging
And
Imagining The Ghost Dance: James Mooney's Illustrations And Photographs,
1891-1893--This
site offers descriptions of the Ghost Dance and the
Ghost Dance movement of 1890. It features the photographs and
illustrations of James Mooney. |
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The Indian Horse--The
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Indian Land
Cessions In The United States--Offers
dozens of maps, treaties, and essays that show the lands ceded by American
Indian groups and the lands, or reservations, they were given, or forced
to move to, during the nineteenth century. |
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Indian Removal--This site
provides information about Andrew Jackson's policy of American Indian
removal, the resulting legislation, and the effects of that policy on the
American Indian tribes of the South. |
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Indians And Smallpox--The "white man"
diseases…measles, chicken pox, typhus, typhoid fever, dysentery, scarlet
fever, diphtheria, and after 1832, cholera…were devastating to the
American Indian. Lumped together, these diseases did not equal the havoc
of smallpox in terms of number of deaths, realignment of tribal
alliances, and subsequent changes in Canadian and American Indian
Culture. |
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Indians
Of The Great Basin--Provides information on social and political cultures,
spiritualism and religion, arts and literatures, Post-Columbian history,
contemporary issues and more. |
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Native American Basketry--Featuring more than 500 Native American
baskets. Tells how baskets are entwined with people's lives, and how
basket makers are culture bearers. |
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Native American Games
And Toys--Check out this site to see
some of the games that Indian children (and adults!) played.
Stones
Unturned--This site from the Canadian Museum of
Civilization presents Native American clothes, toys, and musical
instruments and also highlights seven native tribes of Canada. |
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Native
American Home Pages--From links to various Native American nations'
Home Pages to a calendar of powwows and festivals; this is a wonderful
resource. |
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Native
American Housing Styles (Map)--A color
map and explanation of the various types of Native American house
construction in each region of North America. Native American
Art
Hogan--The
traditional Navajo Dwelling. |
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Native American Indian Resources--Great
site to find out about Native maps, literature, foods, and art.
Native American
Indian Resources |
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Native American Indians--Great resource that connects you to
information on art, daily life, maps, history, and pictures of Native
Americans. |
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Native American Links--An
extensive set of links to information about Native Americans as well as
individual tribes.
The First
Americans--Links to various tribes, general information, and other
link sites are all given here. |
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Native
American Nations--Information on individual native
nations. Tribes are listed alphabetically. |
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Native American Technology And Art--Informational site discusses
the technology of Native American crafts and the meaning of those crafts.
Touches on everything from pottery to clothing. Great food links!
"internet
resource for indigenous ethno-technology focusing on the arts of Eastern
Woodland Indian Peoples, providing historical & contemporary background
with instructional how-to's & references." This is a very awesome
site!
Bow And Arrow Making
Building A Sweat
Lodge
History Of
A Sweat Lodge |
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Native American
Tribes: Interesting Facts And Legends--Good summary of facts
about each tribe. Skim down to menu box! |
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Native
Americans Of North America--Encarta Encyclopedia article providing
information on Native American population past and present, earliest
peoples, culture areas, traditional way of life, and history of Native
Americans today. |
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Three Sisters Cookbook--Find
all kinds of recipes for
corn, beans and squash.
Recipes Of Native America
Native Recipes--Recipes
from various tribes organized by main ingredient.
Dine Bich ' Iya'--"The
recipes in this website are traditional and modern, from many southwestern
cultures. You will find that some of the ingredients are given in Navajo.
To see a Navajo ingredient in English, just put your cursor over it."
Food & Recipes - NativeTech--"Recipes
are broken down into three categories: all indigenous ingredients &
preparation ; traditional recipes with contemporary ingredients; and
native dishes today.
Traditional Native American Recipes - The Cooking Post |
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Native North America--This
site from Minnesota State University's E Museum contains profiles of
dozens of Canadian and United States American Indian tribes. Information
about the tribes, their languages, and geography can be accessed.
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Native Web--Resource
database listed by nations. |
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Native Web Links--Another
very comprehensive listing of indigenous people's web sites. |
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The North American Indian--The Curtis Collection Web site offers basic
tribal information and photographs/gravure images. The information is
about approximately 80 western Native American tribes that were visited
and photographed by Edward S. Curtis from 1890 to 1930. |
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Powerful
Symbols: Honoring Animal Spirits-- Interpretations of
animal symbols in Native American tradition. |
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An American Hero:
Tecumseh--This site contains a biography of Tecumseh and
the text of a letter he sent to William
Henry Harrison.
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Return To
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| HISTORICAL FIGURES |
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Black
Kettle--"This page features the
story of Black Kettle, a Southern Cheyenne chief who sought peace with
white settlers and the U.S. government but was betrayed by them. Included
are links to articles about Philip Sheridan, George Armstrong Custer,
William Tecumseh Sherman, and others. " |
Buffalo
Soldiers And Indian Wars--Tells the story of the Buffalo
Soldiers, African Americans who fought for the United States military in
the Indian wars. Photographs, quotations, and dozens of helpful links to
related topics are included.
Buffalo Soldiers On
The Western Frontier--Here you find information on the African
American soldiers.
Buffalo Soldiers Buffalo Soldiers--Great site from, 42Explore |
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Chief
Joseph--Read the story of this Nez Perce chief.
Chief Joseph's
Surrender--This American Memory
page from the Library of Congress gives a brief biography of Chief Joseph
of the Nez Perce, who surrendered to General Nelson Miles on October 5,
1877, after being pursued for more than 1,000 miles
see
also Lewis And Clark |
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John Chivington--A photo of
Chivington and a biography with related links |
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Cochise, Geronimo And
Mangas Coloradas--Here you
can read the stories of the powerful Chiricahua Apache chiefs Cochise and
Geronimo and Mangas Coloradas. Included are excerpts from Geronimo's autobiography, "Geronimo:
His Own Story." |
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Crazy Horse--Learn
more about the warrior who was ferocious in battle and recognized among
his people as an visionary leader committed to preserving the traditions
and values of the Lakota way of life.
Crazy Horse--Nice
historical account of the chief. |
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George Crook--"Considered the army's greatest Indian fighter, General
George Crook earned that reputation by developing a respect for his enemy
that carried over into his relationships with Native Americans off the
battlefield as well."
Captain George Crook--Biography
of Cook with a lot of family photographs. |
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Gall--Short
biography of the Hunkpapa chief who played a leading part in the Lakota's
long war against the United States, Gall encouraged his people to accept
assimilation once they were confined on reservations. |
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George
Armstrong Custer--Brief biography of the man many call a hero but who
graduated last in his class at West Point. |
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Geronimo
Resources-- Learn more about Geronimo.
Geronimo-Geronimo
tells his own story. He was an Apache leader who led his people's defense
of their homeland against the U.S. military after the death of Cochise.
Goyathlay ("One Who
Yawns")
Geronimo: Unwilling Tourist Attraction--Geronimo was a medicine man
and leader of the Apache Indians. He resisted reservation life and led a
band of warriors determined to punish all white men for the wrongs done to
the Apache. Read about his capture and imprisonment in Fort Pickens. |
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Lewis &
Clark: PBS Series - The Native Americans--This section of
the site provides background on all the tribes Lewis and Clark encountered
on their journey. Includes the Arikaras, the Assiniboins, the Blackfeet,
the Chiooks, the Clatsops, the Hidatsas, the Mandans, the Missouris, the
Nez Perces, the Otos, the Shoshones, the Teton Sioux, the Tillamooks, the
Walla Walla, the Wishrams, the Yanktons, and the Yankton Sioux.
see also
Lewis & Clark Site |
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Little Crow--A
biography of Sioux chief Little Crow. Facts about his youth, the factors
leading to the Dakota Uprising, the events of the war, and the chief's
demise are presented. |
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Native American Biographies--List of links to well known Native
Americans.
Powerful
People--Biographies of both historical figures (like Chief
Joseph, Tecumseh, and Sequoyah) and contemporary Native Americans (like
Wilma Mankiller and Ben Nighthorse Campbell). |
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Pocahontas--Biography
and image of Pocahontas.
Pocahontas --Biography of Pocahontas, an Indian princess who assisted the
Jamestown settlement in North America and worked for peace between her
people and the English settlers. From the Arts and Entertainment
Television Biography Project. see also Colonial
Period: Pocahontas |
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Red
Cloud--Biography of the warrior and statesman whose success in
confrontations with the United States government marked him as one of the
most important Lakota leaders of the nineteenth century. |
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Sacajawea--A brief biography from PBS' series about the West.
Pomp:
The True Story Of The Baby On The Sacagawea Dollar--"He's
cute, he's sleepy, and he's in your pocket. He's Pomp the napping little
baby on the new Sacagawea dollar coin." Read about Pomp's amazing life in
six chapters.
see also Lewis And Clark:
Sacajawea |
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Sequoyah--From
the Tsalagi (Cherokee), this brilliant man is the only person to have
invented an entire alphabet from scratch. He made his Nation literate. |
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Philip Henry Sheridan--Biographical
information about General Philip Henry Sheridan, who served in the Civil
War and was involved in campaigns during the Indian Wars. |
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Sitting Bull--A biography of the Hunkpapa Lakota chief and holy man
under whom the Lakota tribes united in their struggle for survival on the
northern plains.
Another
Brief Biography.
Tatanka Yotanka--Better
known as "Sitting Bull", this leader of the Lakota tribes was perhaps the
most renowned chief in history. |
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Return To
Top |
| NATIONS |
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| see also Lewis And Clark: Native Americans |
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Abenaki
--Brief information on this Northeast tribe.
Abenaki History--A general
overview. Skip down to "Abenaki Location" to begin information.. |
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Acoma--Brief information on this tribe located in west central New
Mexico.
Acoma Pueblo--Excellent
extensive site |
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About The Arapaho Tribe--Nice history of the Arapaho tribe.
Arapaho--Brief outline of this Colorado and southeastern Wyoming |
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Apache--The Apache have always been
characterized as fierce warriors with an indomitable will. It is not
surprising that the last armed resistance by Native Americans came from
this proud tribe of American Indians.
About The Lipan
Apache
About The
Chiricahua Apache Tribe
Apache |
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Blackfoot -- Brief
information on this tribe located in
northern Montana and southern Alberta, Canada.
Blackfoot |
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BellaCoola--Brief information on this Pacific Northwest tribe.
Bella Coola |
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Caddo --Brief information on this tribe.
Tejas:
Life And Times Of The Caddo--"The University of
Texas, the Texas Council for the Humanities and the Houston Endowment have
constructed this web site devoted to the culture and traditions of the
Caddo people. It features fabulous information on the Caddo Nation.
A
History Of The Caddo Indians
Traditions Of The Caddo--This was compiled
by George Dorsey and lists many old Caddo stories.
The Caddo Indians--Brief
description of the Caddo. |
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Cahuilla--Brief information on this tribe.
Cahuilla--Excellent
extensive site. |
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Catawba--Brief information on this tribe from South Carolina.
Catawba Native Americans
Catawba--Excellent
extensive site. |
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Cayuga--Brief information on this tribe.
Gayogoho:no (The People Of The Great Swamp)-- An overview of the
Cayuga..
Cayuga--Excellent extensive site. |
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Cherokee Nation--History
and culture of the Cherokee Tribe.
History Of The Cherokee--This
site is chock full of pages on Cherokee history.
Native Americans In
North Georgia--Detailed history, people and culture, including
Woodland, Mound builders, Creek, and Cherokee.
Cherokee Cherokee
Web Page--Scroll down to Cherokee Lodge Door and check out all
the links!
Cherokee
Medicinal Herbs
The Cherokee Rose-- Symbol
of pain and suffering along the "Trail Where They Cried."
Trail Of Tears--A
summary of events in Georgia that led up to the 1838 removal of the
Cherokee. |
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About The
Cheyenne Tribe--Information on the Cheyenne and links
to other sites.
Cheyenne
Cheyenne
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Chickasaw Native Americans--History
of the tribe.
Chickasaw
Chickasaw--Excellent
extensive information. |
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Chinook Tribe Of Then And Now--Presents the history of the
Chinook tribe, as well as information on their lifestyle, ceremonies,
transportation, food, shelter and more.
Chinook--Excellent
site with external links. |
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Chippewa--Brief information on this tribe.
Chippewa/Ojibwa--Excellent
extensive site. |
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Choctaw Nation--Explores the
past, history and culture of this
tribe. Use the menu at the top to find information on their
culture and history.
Choctaw |
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Chumash
Indian Life--Contains information on the life of the Chumash
-- food, medicine, myths, games, dances, language, and
cave painting. The timeline shows 13,000 years of change along the central coast. The early Chumash were unique for their invention of the plank canoe and their baskets, tools, and bead making. Chumash |
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About
The Comanche Tribe
Comanche History
Comanche
Comanche--Excellent
extensive site. |
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Creek--Brief
information on the clothing, food, land, housing, and family of the Creek
Nation.
An Introduction To
The Creek Nation--Great site with several pages about the Creek
Nation, including what tribes make up the Nation, the history of the
Creek, and their system of government. Be sure to check out the links on
the bottom of the page!
Creek-- Find general information on the people known as The Creeks
that lived in Southeastern America.
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Hopi Of The Southwest
Hopi
Hopi--Excellent
extensive site. |
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Iroquois--Information
on the Iroquois Confederacy which includes their food, land, clothing,
housing, stories, and flag. Iroquois History--Quite an
extensive site on the Iroquois including culture and history with
additional site links within text. Iroquois
Of The Northeast
Iroquois |
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Kiowa--A
brief history of the Kiowa tribe.
Kiowa
Kiowa--Good
site with information on history and art, as well as external links. |
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The Klamath
Indians Of The Southern Oregon Cascades--History of the
tribe, ritual, myth and more.
Klamath Tribes History--Brief
history of the tribe.
Klamath
Klamath
Tribe--Excellent resource with external links to further information. |
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Lakota (Sioux)--Brief information on the clothing, food, housing and leaders
of the Sioux.
Lakota Of The Plains
Lakota--Excellent
resource with external links to further information. |
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Delaware
(Lenape) Tribe Of Indians--This site includes information on:
Frequently Asked Questions about the Delaware and Lenape tribe ; Social
Dances ; Lenape Football Game ; Men's Clothing ; Women's Clothing ; Humor
; Walking Purchase ; Language (live audio) ; Bird Names in Lenape (live
audio) ; and Lenape Images.
Lenape--Excellent
resource Lenape with external links to further information. |
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Nez Perce Tribe--Information
on transportation, food, descriptions of the early Nez Perce, legends and
landmarks.
Nez Perce Nez
Perce--Excellent resource with external inks to further information.
see
Also Lewis And Clark Chief Joseph
And Nez
Perce |
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Northwest Indians--A
list of tribes, information about what food was eaten, language, clothing,
customs, dwellings, appearance, and more.
American
Indians Of The Pacific Northwest--"This site provides an extensive
digital collection of original photographs and documents about the
Northwest Coast and Plateau Indian cultures, complemented by essays
written by anthropologists, historians, and teachers about both particular
tribes and cross-cultural topics. These cultures have occupied, and in
some cases still live in parts of Alaska, British Columbia, Washington,
Oregon, Idaho, and Montana."
Pacific
Coastal Indians--"What made the Puget Sound Indian
tribes "rich" in ancient times? Why were woven mats so important? How did
totem poles get started? What's a Potlatch? Find out here! Use the cheat
sheet to find just what you need!
Threads
Of The Land--Provides information on the clothing
traditions of three Northwest Tribes: Copper and Caribou Inuit (Northwest
Territories), the Nlaka'pamux (British Columbia Interior), and the Dene
(Northern Athapaskans of the Northwest Territories). Photos.
Clatsop Nehalem
Confederated Tribe--Information on the two
tribes that occupied the Oregon coast.
Coast Salish
Makah Nation
--Excellent source of information with external links provided. Coastal
Indians of Washington--Excellent extensive source of information
see also Canada
see also Lewis And Clark Northwest Indians
Tlingit--Brief
information on the Tlingit Indians including food, clothing, housing, and
totem poles.
Tlingit Of The Northwest Coast
see
also Canada Tlingit |
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Oneida Indian Nation--Provides history of the Oneida Indians with a
section devoted to their part in the American Revolutionary War.
Oneida |
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Paiute--Brief overview of the history of the Paiute.
Paiute
Paiute--Excellent
extensive source of information with external links. |
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Plains Indians--Many
links to the various tribes that lived on the Plains, as well as, links
for some of the famous chiefs, battles (Sand Creek), treaties, and other
interesting information.
Homeland--This
PBS site offers an extended timeline with links to more in-depth
information that chronicles the history of the Plains Indians in America.
Maps and images accompany the text.
Plains Indians--Good
source of information with additional links. |
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Sioux Nation--Links to information about the Sioux Indians, including
facts on Chief Gall, and Sitting Bull.
Sioux |
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Zuni--Learn about the
Zuni tribe, its art, food, religion, and legends.
Zuni
Zuni--Excellent
extensive site with external links to further information. |
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| No part of this web site may be reproduced or transmitted without written permission. |
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Designed by Dawna Diltz
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Updated June 2008 |
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http://www.samsilverhawk.com
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