Adapted From the
GUIDELINES FOR PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS IN APA
STYLE
I. General
Principle:
Use parenthetical citations to identify each quotation, paraphrase, summary, or reference in your text. In general, include the author’s last name and the date of publication; if the citation is to a specific passage, include the page number. If the parenthetical citation comes at the end of the sentence, place the sentence period AFTER the parentheses. For example: “Education is an unending struggle” (Jones, 1982, p.65).
II. Specific
Guidelines:
A. If you are paraphrasing or summarizing material and you do not mention the name of the author in your text, put the author’s last name and the date of publication in parentheses, like this: (Jones, 1982).
B. If you are quoting a specific passage and you do not mention the name of the author in your text, give the page number as well as the author’s last name and date of publication, like this: (Jones, 1982, p.65).
C. If, however, you are summarizing, paraphrasing, or quoting material and you mention the name of the author in the text, do not repeat the name of the author in the parenthetical citation: use just the date (1982) for summarizing and paraphrasing material, or (1982, p.65) when quoting material.
D. If you use more than one source published in the same year by the same author(s), assign letters (a, b, c, etc.) to the works in the References list and use these letters in the parenthetical citations: (Jones, 1983a).
E. If your citation is to several sources, put the sources in alphabetical order by author’s last names and separate the sources with a semicolon: (Bassuk, 1984: Fustero, 1984).
F. Type long quotations (40+ words) as a block indented five spaces from the left margin; do NOT use quotation marks. Double space between lines. After the final punctuation in the quotation, skip two spaces and add the parenthetical citation, with no punctuation after the parentheses. (Last, 2007)
Last, J. Wrightstown High School Writing Manual.
Retrieved January 11, 2007, from http://www.wrightstown.k12.wi.us/WHS/English/20040127.pdf. Revised February, 2009